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icon Health Insurance icon Diseases icon Cancer icon Thyroid

Thyroid Cancer

Thyroid glands present in our body help in regulating the body temperature, heart rate and healthy metabolism by producing two hormones called thyroxine and triiodothyronine. These glands are butterfly-shaped and at the bottom of the neck, just below Adam’s apple.

These cells can become cancerous at times and cause thyroid cancer. When a cell in the gland undergoes genetic modification or mutation, leading to its multiplication and formation of abnormal tumours. These cells could be solid or could be filled with fluids. The cells lose their ability to destroy and thus, cancer occurs.

The symptoms of the disease might not be clear in the beginning but as it grows, you might feel pain and swelling in your neck.

The thyroid can affect your bodily functions to a great extent but the relief is, that it is highly curable. Once you feel uncomfortable, it is best to get checked if you are in the risk zone or not. Consult a physician for the treatment of thyroid cancer as early as possible.

Causes Of Thyroid Cancer

The exact cause of thyroid cancer is still unknown. However, it is estimated that genetic changes or mutations cause the cancerous cells to multiply, which in turn, results in tumours. As a result, these cells also lose the ability to die, unlike other cells. These abnormal cells then invade the nearby cells and start spreading(metastasize) to other parts of the body.

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Symptoms of Thyroid Cancer:

Thyroid usually do not show any symptoms in the early stage. However, in the later stage thyroid cancer symptoms may include swelling and pain around the neck. Doctors usually analyse the lump growth before resorting to any remedy. When a cancer cell grows in your thyroid gland, you might feel the following -

  • Pain in swallowing and breathing
  • Pain in your neck and throat
  • A lump formation around your neck that can be felt through the skin
  • Change or loss of voice, including an increase in hoarseness
  • Inflated lymph nodes around the neck.

Stages Of Thyroid Cancer

Thyroid cancer has five stages and these stages can be further subdivided into smaller stages. Evaluating the cancer stage helps doctors in preparing a proper treatment plan. The following tables make the concept clear.

Thyroid Cancer Stage Condition
TX It is the primary tumour stage and cannot be estimated
T plus zero There is no evidence of a tumour
T1 The tumour is 2 cm or less in size and is limited only to the thyroid
T1a The tumour is 1 cm or less in size
T1b At this stage, the tumour is bigger than 1cm but smaller than 2 cm
T2 The tumour grows to be larger than 2 cm but smaller than 4 cm in size
T3 The tumour is now larger than 4 cm but is still limited to the thyroid gland
T4 The tumour starts spreading beyond the tumour gland
T4a Now the tumour has outstretched to the recurrent laryngeal nerve, trachea, larynx, soft tissues, or oesophagus
T4b The tumour has become fatal and extended beyond the T4a region
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Types Of Thyroid Cancer:

Thyroid cancer can be classified into five types based on the type of cells found in the tumour. Determining the type of thyroid cancer helps in further treatment. Different types of thyroid cancer are-

  • Papillary thyroid cancer- Papillary thyroid cancer arises from follicular cells and are the most comm type and can happen to people of any age group, especially within the age group of 30 to 50.
  • Follicular thyroid cancer- This type of cancer also arises from follicular cells of the thyroid and generally affects people over 50. The most common type of follicular thyroid cancer is Hurthle cell cancer.
  • Anaplastic thyroid cancer- Anaplastic thyroid cancer starts growing from follicular cells and grows rapidly, with extreme difficulty in treating. It is common is people above 60 years of age.
  • Medullary thyroid cancer- Medullary thyroid cancer starts generating in the thyroid cells and C cells and an increase in calcitonin in the blood is an indicator of an early stage of medullary thyroid cancer.
  • Other rare types- Other rare types of the thyroid include thyroid lymphoma and thyroid sarcoma, which initiate in immune system cells and connective tissue cells of the thyroid respectively.

Preventive Measures Against Thyroid Cancer

The cause of thyroid cancer is yet to be discovered, therefore, there is no preventive measure that can be suggested against the disease.

  • Prevention Measures For People With High-Risk

    Children and adults with inherited gene mutation are prone to the risk of medullary thyroid cancer. Thyroid surgery could be a way to prevent cancer. Talk to a genetic counsellor to know about the risk of cancer and treatment.

  • Prevention Of Thyroid For People Living Near Nuclear Power Plants

    Medication of potassium iodide is provided to people who live near nuclear power plants. It is also used to treat nuclear power plant accidents. If you live within the vicinity of a nuclear power plant, contact your state or the local emergency management department and issue your concern.

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Health Plans for Thyroid Cancer

Name of the Plan Best Features
Aditya Birla Activ Cancer Secure Plan
  • Keeps you safe for all the stages of Cancer - Advanced, Major and Early
  • Coverage of 150% of the sum insured
  • Sum insured up to INR 1 crore
HDFC Life Cancer Care
  • 3 plan variants to choose from
  • Sum insured up to INR 50 lakhs
  • Increase in sum insured on an annual basis
Care Comprehensive Cancer Health Insurance
  • Pre and Post-hospitalisation is covered
  • 100% increase in sum insured if a claim is not made in a year
  • Global coverage up to INR 1 crore

Benefits of health insurance for Thyroid Cancer

Having health insurance for thyroid cancer is beneficial in many ways-

  • Finacial Benefits- Having the right insurance plan for thyroid cancer can help you in safeguarding your hard-earned savings.
  • Quality Treatment- Having a good policy can help you in receiving the best quality treatment from high-end network hospitals, without worrying about the expenses.
  • Peace of Mind- Having health insurance for thyroid cancer is an investment. It not only helps in covering your medical expense but also relieves you of anxiety.
  • Tax Benefits- Tax benefits are available under section 80D.
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Inclusions in a health insurance policy for Thyroid Cancer

Following features are generally included in a health insurance policy for thyroid cancer, however, it is always advised to check the policy papers for confirmation.

  • Provides cover for pre-hospitalization, post-hospitalization, daycare treatment, ambulance expense, etc.
  • Provides cashless hospitalization benefits at network hospitals.
  • Room rent and ICU charges are covered.
  • Doctor’s fees and medicine costs all are covered under the policy.
    • Exclusions in a health insurance policy for Thyroid Cancer

      The following conditions are not covered under thyroid cancer policy plans:

      • Pre-existing Thyroid Cancer is covered only after the waiting period is over.
      • Health plans do not cover hospitalization caused due to war.
      • Treatment taken abroad is not covered.
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      Frequently Asked Questions

      • Q. What are the warning signs of thyroid cancer?
        • Warning signs of thyroid cancer include a lump around the neck, pain in swallowing and breathing, pain around the neck sometimes going up to the ears, hoarseness of voice, and even losing voice.

      • Q. What are the chances of surviving thyroid cancer?
        • Thyroid cancer can be fatal however, it is highly curable. Disease-free patients survive and live a normal lifespan. Only 20% of cases fail in keeping up with the treatment.

      • Q. How long do you live after thyroid cancer?
        • People who recover from thyroid cancer can have a normal lifespan. However, patients with a persistent disease face a 60% decline in their life span. Treatment like radioiodine is safe but unsuccessful in 20% of cases.

      • Q. Is thyroid cancer usually fatal?
        • Most thyroid cancer cases respond well to treatment and do not turn out to be fatal.

      • Q. What is the first stage of thyroid cancer?
        • TX is the first stage of thyroid cancer. At this stage, you cannot find any evidence of the tumour.

      • Q. What is the main cause of thyroid cancer?
        • Doctors exactly don’t know the cause and the reason for thyroid cancer is yet to be discovered.

      • Q. Can thyroid cancer be cured?
        • If cancer can be cured depends highly on the stage of cancer. Most thyroid cancers are curable.

      • Q. Can you fully recover from thyroid cancer?
        • Thyroid cancer does not go away permanently and it might return to some other part of the body.

      • Q. Does insurance cover thyroid cancer?
        • Yes, insurance policies cover thyroid cancer.

      • Q. What is the life expectancy of someone with thyroid cancer?
        • With diagnoses of thyroid cancer, most people have a minimum 5-years survival rate.

      • Q. Is thyroid cancer a big deal?
        • Yes, thyroid cancer can prove to be fatal. Do not overlook and get medication as early as possible. Thyroid cancer insurance helps in keeping up with the medical cost.

      • Q. What is the best insurance if you have thyroid cancer?
        • HDFC Ergo, Care Insurance, Star Health and Royal Sundaram Insurance are some of the best plans available for thyroid cancer.

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